环境：Ubuntu16.04+ROS Kinetic

ROS与底层串口通讯有两种方式：

底层作为ROS节点：https://blog.csdn.net/Kalenee/article/details/80644896
采用传统的串口通讯方式进行通讯：https://blog.csdn.net/Kalenee/article/details/82422196 

硬件：

Arduino mega2560（需拥有两个串口）

总线舵机（可采用dynamixel舵机，其带有ROS的功能包dynamixel_controllersTutorials）

前期准备：

完成MoveIt!配置
完成机器人在ROS平台的搭建 

一、配置rosserial_arduino

1. 安装环境

sudo apt-get install ros-kinetic-rosserial-arduino
sudo apt-get install ros-kinetic-rosserial

2. 配置ros_lib

sketchbook为Arduino功能包位置

  cd <sketchbook>/libraries
  rm -rf ros_lib
  rosrun rosserial_arduino make_libraries.py .

3. 检查环境

二、程序实现

• 发布器初始化

ros::Publisher _pub("/topic", &_msg);
nh.advertise(_pub);

• 订阅器初始化

void messageCb( const std_msgs::Int16MultiArray& _msg)
{}
ros::Subscriber<std_msgs::Int16MultiArray> sub("robot_hand_control", &messageCb );
nh.subscribe(sub); 

• Arduino部分完整代码

#include <FlexiTimer2.h>
#include <SCServo.h>
#include <SCSProtocol.h>
 
#include <ros.h>
#include <ArduinoHardware.h>
#include <std_msgs/MultiArrayLayout.h>
#include <std_msgs/MultiArrayDimension.h>
#include <std_msgs/Int16MultiArray.h>
 
///ROS初始化/
ros::NodeHandle  nh;
 
///ROS订阅器/
int* Joint;
int MultiArray_length;
int count_length;
bool messageCb_judge,release_subCb_judge;
 
void messageCb( const std_msgs::Int16MultiArray& pos_msg)
{
   MultiArray_length=((pos_msg.data_length)/6);
   Joint[(pos_msg.data_length)];
   count_length=MultiArray_length;
   Joint=pos_msg.data;
   
  //start send angle 
  FlexiTimer2::set(650, Data_send);
  FlexiTimer2::start();
}
ros::Subscriber<std_msgs::Int16MultiArray> sub("robot_hand_control", &messageCb );
 
///总线舵机控制/
SCServo smServo;
SCServo scsServo;
 
///舵机参数//
#define J1_Angle_Init 0
#define J1_Min_Angle_Limit 10
#define J1_Max_Angle_Limit 1013
#define J2_Angle_Init 0
#define J2_Min_Angle_Limit 10
#define J2_Max_Angle_Limit 4090
#define J3_Angle_Init 0
#define J3_Min_Angle_Limit 10
#define J3_Max_Angle_Limit 4090
#define J4_Angle_Init 0
#define J4_Min_Angle_Limit 10
#define J4_Max_Angle_Limit 4090
#define J5_Angle_Init 0
#define J5_Min_Angle_Limit 10
#define J5_Max_Angle_Limit 1013
#define J6_Angle_Init 0
#define J6_Min_Angle_Limit 10
#define J6_Max_Angle_Limit 1013
 
//总线舵机中断函数/
int t = 600; 
int count = 0;
void Data_send()                    
{   
   if(count<count_length)
   {
    messageCb_judge = true;
   }
  else
   {
    count=0;
    MultiArray_length=0;
    FlexiTimer2::stop();
   }
}
 
///主函数/
void setup() 
{  
///ROS初始化/
  nh.initNode();
  nh.subscribe(sub); 
 
///总线舵机初始化/  
  scsServo.End = 1;
  smServo.End = 0;
  Serial2.begin(1000000); 
  scsServo.pSerial = &Serial2;
  smServo.pSerial = &Serial2;
  delay(1000);
  messageCb_judge = false;
  
///总线舵机角度初始化/  
  scsServo.EnableTorque(1, 1);
  smServo.EnableTorque(2, 1);
  smServo.EnableTorque(3, 1);
  smServo.EnableTorque(4, 1);
  scsServo.EnableTorque(5, 1);
  scsServo.EnableTorque(6, 1);
  scsServo.WritePos(1, J1_Angle_Init, 1000);
  smServo.WritePos(2, J2_Angle_Init, 1000);
  smServo.WritePos(3, J3_Angle_Init, 1000);
  smServo.WritePos(4, J4_Angle_Init, 1000);
  scsServo.WritePos(5, J5_Angle_Init, 1000);
  scsServo.WritePos(6, J6_Angle_Init, 1000);
}
 
void loop()
{ 
  if(messageCb_judge)
  {
    scsServo.WritePos(1,J1_Angle_Init- Joint[count*6+0], t);
    smServo.WritePos(2, J2_Angle_Init-Joint[count*6+1], t);
    smServo.WritePos(3, J3_Angle_Init+Joint[count*6+2], t);
    smServo.WritePos(4, J4_Angle_Init-Joint[count*6+3], t);
    scsServo.WritePos(5, J5_Angle_Init-Joint[count*6+4], t);
    scsServo.WritePos(6, J6_Angle_Init-Joint[count*6+5], t);
    play(1,Joint[count*6+0]);
    play(2,Joint[count*6+1]);
    play(3,Joint[count*6+2]);
    play(4,Joint[count*6+3]);
    play(5,Joint[count*6+4]);
    play(6,Joint[count*6+5]);
    count++;
    messageCb_judge = false;
   }
   nh.spinOnce();
}