前言:安装好ubuntu双系统后,默认的软件更新源是国外的,在国内使用速度很慢,用"apt install xxx"安装软件时可能出现"网络不可达"、"你的网络需要认证吗"、"无法定位软件包"等错误,所以我们需要更换成国内的源,这样才能正常安装和更新软件。

一、ubuntu16.04更换国内源

1.备份原始源文件source.list

桌面打开终端,执行命令:sudo  cp   /etc/apt/sources.list   /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2.修改源文件sources.list

(1)终端执行命令:sudo  chmod  777  /etc/apt/sources.list   更改文件权限使其可编辑;

(2)执行命令:  sudo  gedit   /etc/apt/sources.list    打开文件进行编辑;

(3)删除原来的文件内容,复制下面的任意一个到其中并保存(常用的是阿里源和清华源,推荐阿里源);

阿里源:

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

清华源:

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

3.更新源

桌面终端执行命令:sudo apt update更新软件列表,换源完成。

二、ubuntu18.04更换国内源

1.备份原始文件sources.list

桌面打开终端,执行命令:sudo  cp  /etc/apt/sources.list    /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2. 修改源文件sources.list

(1)终端执行命令:sudo   chmod   777   /etc/apt/sources.list更改文件权限使其可编辑;

(2)执行命令:sudo   gedit   /etc/apt/sources.list打开文件进行编辑;

(3)删除原来的文件内容,复制下面的任意一个到其中并保存(常用的是阿里源和清华源,推荐阿里源,内容可以去博客复制);

阿里源:

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

清华源:

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

163源:

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

3. 更新源

桌面终端执行命令:sudo apt update更新软件列表,换源完成。

三、Ubuntu ROS更换国内源

1.ubuntu16.04

1.1 清华源

$ sudo sh -c 'echo "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ros/ubuntu/ xenial main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'

然后再输入如下命令,信任ROS的GPG Key,并更新索引:

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver 'hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80' --recv-key C1CF6E31E6BADE8868B172B4F42ED6FBAB17C654
$ sudo apt update

四、国内几个源的链接

清华源https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/

中科大源https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/

阿里源https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/

163源http://mirrors.163.com/http://mirrors.163.com/